![]() The density of seawater is not measured directly instead, it is calculated from measurements of temperature, salinity, and pressure. The majority of the ocean has a density between 10 kg/m 3. It is measured as the mass per unit volume. Density is a measure of the compactness of material, or how much mass (stuff) is “packed” into a given volume (space). In oceanography, density is used to characterize and follow water masses in studying ocean circulation. The salinity and temperature of seawater are determined when a water mass is at the surface and in contact with the atmosphere. ![]() A typical profile consists of three layers: surface mixed layer, zone with rapid change in the variable being measured known as the thermocline (temperature), halocline (salinity) or pycnocline (density), and the deep mixed layer.Density increases as salinity and pressure (depth) increase.Density increases as temperature decreases.Seawater density is inversely proportional to temperature and directly proportional to salinity and pressure.Variations in temperature, salinity, and pressure (depth) together control the density of seawater. ![]()
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